Appeals court rules 10¢-a-page charge for court documents is too high

Appeals court charts a middle course between the plaintiffs and the government.

Appeals court rules 10¢-a-page charge for court documents is too high

Enlarge (credit: Aurich Lawson / Getty Images)

A federal appeals court has ruled that the federal judiciary has been overcharging thousands of users for access to public court records. PACER, short for Public Access to Court Electronic Records, is an online system that allows members of the public (including Ars Technica reporters) to download documents related to almost any federal court case. For PDF documents, the site charges 10 cents per page—a figure far above the costs of running the system.

In 2016, three nonprofit organizations sued the judiciary itself over the issue. The class action lawsuit, filed on behalf of almost everyone who pays PACER fees, argued that the courts were only allowed to charge enough to offset the costs of running PACER. Over the last 15 years, as storage and bandwidth costs fell, the courts actually raised PACER fees from 7 cents to 10 cents. The courts used the extra profits to pay for other projects, like installing speakers and displays in courtrooms.

The plaintiffs argued that the courts were only allowed to charge the marginal cost of running PACER—which would be a fraction of the current fees. The government claimed that the law gave the courts broad discretion to decide how much to charge and how to use the money. In a 2018 ruling, a trial court judge charted a middle course. She ruled that some uses of PACER fees had exceeded Congress's mandates. But she didn't go as far as plaintiffs wanted by limiting spending to the operation of the PACER system itself.

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ISP Cox Asks Court to Reduce Piracy Damages By $243 Million

Cox Communications is requesting a reduction of the piracy damages awarded by a Virginia jury last year in favor of a group of prominent music companies. The ISP argues that 2,438 duplicate or overlapping works should be scrapped, which translates to a massive $243 million in damages, roughly a quarter of the total.

From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

Last year, Internet provider Cox Communications lost its legal battle against a group of major record labels.

Following a two-week trial, a Virginia jury held Cox liable for its pirating subscribers, ordering the company to pay $1 billion in damages.

Heavily disappointed by the decision, Cox later asked the court to set the jury verdict aside and decide the issue directly. In addition, the ISP argued that the “shockingly excessive” damages should be lowered. If that wasn’t an option, Cox wanted a new trial.

No Miscarriage of Justice

In June the court denied Cox’s request for a new trial and the damages amount per work wasn’t seen as excessive either. The jury set this amount at $99,830 per work. Cox summed up a list of arguments why this is “historic” amount is “shockingly” excessive. However, unlike Cox, the court saw no “miscarriage of justice.”

“In sum, Plaintiffs were well within their rights to elect both a jury trial and statutory damages. After significant deliberation, the jury awarded $99,830.29 per work, well within the Act’s statutory range of $750.00-$150,000.00,” Judge O’Grady wrote.

These conclusions were a major disappointment for Cox, but there was also a positive note. The court agreed with the ISP that damages should be issued per ‘work’ and not for each ‘copyright,’ as was the case in the original verdict.

Overlapping Works Shouldn’t Count

The $1 billion in damages is based on 10,017 copyrights, multiplied by $99,3830 in damages. However, the court said that infringers shouldn’t be punished multiple times for one pirated track simply because there are more copyrights related to it. After all, some tracks can easily have 20 different copyright holders.

Over the past few weeks, the ISP went over all the works that were listed by the music companies. According to its analysis, this includes thousands of overlapping copyrights.

This careful examination of the evidence didn’t just reveal derivative tracks. As it turns out, the original list of tracks also included the musical composition “Shine” twice. A small mistake, but one that cost nearly $100,000.

$243 Million Reduction

After going over all the provided evidence, Cox argues that 2,438 works should be removed. This represents a total damages value of $243,386.25.

“The total number of works to be removed from the damages award under the Court’s order is thus 2,438, leaving 7,579 works in suit that are eligible for statutory damages,” Cox writes.

“Applying the per-work award of $99,830.29 to the 7,579 remaining works in suit, the statutory damages award should be reduced from $1 billion to $756,613,767.91,” the Internet provider adds.

While this is still a historically high damages award, shaving off nearly a quarter-billion from the original sum is certainly significant. That said, this is all based on Cox’s calculations and has yet to be formally approved by the court.

A copy of Cox’s post-trial response brief, detailing its calculations, is available here (pdf)

From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

E Ink unveils a 10.3 inch foldable ePaper display

Foldable displays – they’re not just for smartphones and tablets. E Ink is showing off a new 10.3 inch foldable electronic paper display that could be used for eBook readers that you can fold in half like… you know, a book. E Ink scr…

Foldable displays – they’re not just for smartphones and tablets. E Ink is showing off a new 10.3 inch foldable electronic paper display that could be used for eBook readers that you can fold in half like… you know, a book. E Ink screens, which are used in Amazon Kindle devices and other eBook readers, […]

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Review: Doom Patrol comes back strong with fierce and fun S2

But the overall season is marred by its maddeningly abrupt cliffhanger ending.

TKTK in the second season of Doom Patrol.

Lots of people missed last year's debut of Doom Patrol, a delightfully bonkers show about a "found family" of superhero misfits, because it aired exclusively on the DC Universe streaming service.  Fortunately, S2 also aired on HBO Max, expanding the series' potential audience. Apart from one sub-par episode, this second season expanded on the strengths of the first, with plenty of crazy hijinks, humor, pathos, surprising twists, and WTF moments. Alas, the season finale is bound to frustrate fans, since it ends on a major cliffhanger and leaves multiple dangling narrative threads.

(Spoilers for S1; some S2 spoilers below the gallery.)

As we reported previously, Timothy Dalton plays Niles Caulder, aka The Chief, a medical doctor who saved the lives of the various Doom Patrol members and lets them stay in his mansion. His Manor of Misfits includes Jane, aka Crazy Jane (Diane Guerrero), whose childhood trauma resulted in 64 distinct personalities, each with its own powers. Rita (April Bowlby), aka Elasti-Woman, is a former actress with stretchy, elastic properties she can't really control, thanks to being exposed to a toxic gas that altered her cellular structure. Larry Trainor, aka Negative Man, is a US Air Force pilot who has a "negative energy entity" inside him and must be swathed in bandages to keep radioactivity from seeping out of his body. (Matt Bomer plays Trainor without the bandages, while Matthew Zuk takes on the bandaged role.)

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Huawei Mate 40 will be the last flagship phone with a Kirin processor

Huawei may be the world’s top smartphone maker at the moment when it comes to the number of devices shipped. But due to actions by the US government, the company is going to have a hard time sourcing components for its phones soon. In fact, the …

Huawei may be the world’s top smartphone maker at the moment when it comes to the number of devices shipped. But due to actions by the US government, the company is going to have a hard time sourcing components for its phones soon. In fact, the company won’t even be able to continue making its […]

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Apple won’t let Stadia or xCloud into iOS, citing App Store guidelines

Microsoft says Apple “consistently treats gaming apps differently.”

Androids only.

Enlarge / Androids only. (credit: Microsoft)

Cloud gaming is increasingly becoming a thing, one that lets you play AAA games on a device regardless of the hardware specs. If your device can stream a video, it can probably play Red Dead Redemption on Google Stadia or Halo on Microsoft's xCloud (which is now technically called "Cloud gaming (Beta) with Xbox Game Pass Ultimate"). If your device is an iPhone or iPad, though, you're out of luck. Apple says these apps violate its App Store policies and will not be allowed into Apple's walled garden.

Apple sent a statement to Business Insider:

The App Store was created to be a safe and trusted place for customers to discover and download apps, and a great business opportunity for all developers. Before they go on our store, all apps are reviewed against the same set of guidelines that are intended to protect customers and provide a fair and level playing field to developers.

Our customers enjoy great apps and games from millions of developers, and gaming services can absolutely launch on the App Store as long as they follow the same set of guidelines applicable to all developers, including submitting games individually for review, and appearing in charts and search. In addition to the App Store, developers can choose to reach all iPhone and iPad users over the web through Safari and other browsers on the App Store.

Apple's App Store pitch is that it has real, live humans personally review each app for safety and quality, giving users a single, trusted place to get all their apps. Apple wants to approve these games individually and let users rate them individually through the App Store. The guidelines Apple cites flatly ban showing "store-like interfaces" on a remote computer and "thin clients for cloud-based apps," which Stadia and xCloud both run afoul of.

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Mass hijacking spree takes over subreddits to promote Donald Trump

Reddit regains control of accounts and removes hacker’s message.

Mass hijacking spree takes over subreddits to promote Donald Trump

Enlarge

Dozens of discussion groups on Reddit—including those dedicated to the National Football League, the San Francisco 49ers, and the Gorillaz—were hit in a Friday morning mass takeover spree that used the subreddits to spread messages promoting President Trump.

The hijacked accounts had tens of millions of combined members. The 148,000-member subreddit Supernatural, dedicated to the TV show by the same name, was emblazoned with pro-Trump images and slogans. Reddit personnel have since restored the moderator account to its rightful owner. The image above is how the subreddit appeared when the takeover was still active. The takeovers came five weeks after Reddit banned include /r/The_DonaldReddit banned include /r/The_Donald, a leading forum for fans of the president, and hundreds of other unrelated subreddits for violating recently rewritten content rules.

Reddit personnel published this post captioned, "Ongoing incident with compromised mod accounts." Reddit personnel then warned that moderator accounts were being compromised and used to vandalize subreddits. It asked moderators of affected subreddits to report them in responses. At the time this post when live, the list of reported subreddits included:

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New Jersey prosecutors drop charges over tweeting a cop’s photo [Updated]

“I never heard of retweeting a tweet being a crime,” one defendant wrote.

New Jersey prosecutors drop charges over tweeting a cop’s photo [Updated]

Enlarge (credit: Kevin Alfaro / Aurich Lawson / Getty Images)

A New Jersey man is facing felony charges for a tweet seeking to identify a police officer. Four others are facing felony charges for retweeting the tweet, the Washington Post reports.

Kevin Alfaro was attending a Black Lives Matter protest in the New York suburb of Nutley, New Jersey in June. He snapped a photo of a masked police officer and tweeted, "If anyone knows who this bitch is throw his info under this tweet."

In a GoFundMe campaign to cover his legal fees, Alfaro explained that he had been "physically threatened" by counter-protesters during the Black Lives Matter demonstration. He was trying to identify an officer who seemed to be friends with one of the counter-protestors, who Alvarao considered a "blatant racist."

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Daily Deals (8-07-2020)

Didn’t get a chance to stream Watchmen earlier this summer when it was free from HBO? Amazon is selling Season 1 of the show for $10. Meanwhile, today seems to be as good a day as any to pick up a Bluetooth speaker or some Bluetooth headphones. …

Sony 1000xm3

Didn’t get a chance to stream Watchmen earlier this summer when it was free from HBO? Amazon is selling Season 1 of the show for $10. Meanwhile, today seems to be as good a day as any to pick up a Bluetooth speaker or some Bluetooth headphones. Sony’s noise-cancelling WF-1000XM3 headphones are selling for their […]

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Trump declares TikTok, WeChat “national emergency,” preps bans

Admin’s “Clean Networks” initiative aims to curtail Chinese tech firms in the US.

If the Trump administration has its way, these logos will be scarce inside the US in a few weeks.

Enlarge / If the Trump administration has its way, these logos will be scarce inside the US in a few weeks. (credit: Ivan Abreu | Bloomberg | Getty Images)

The White House's campaign against the China-based developers of popular apps escalated dramatically in the last day, as President Donald Trump declared both TikTok and WeChat to be national emergencies and said the administration will ban or curtail their operations in September.

Trump late Thursday signed a pair of very similar executive orders "addressing the threat" allegedly posed by TikTok and WeChat.

"The spread in the United States of mobile applications developed and owned by companies in the People’s Republic of China (China) continues to threaten the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States," both orders read. "The United States must take aggressive action against the owners" of the apps "to protect our national security."

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