Month: December 2022

Enlarge / Can the GDPR's privacy protections be improved? (credit: Wikimedia)

Nick Dedeke is a professor in the Supply Chain and Information Management (SCIM) Group at Northeastern University in Boston.

The European Union introduced the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in May 2016 to grant users (also called data subjects) more control over their personal data, which is typically under the custody of data aggregators and/or data processors. After an initial period of introduction to the public and stakeholders, the law took effect on May 25, 2018, and the GDPR made several positive contributions to better regulate data protection. First, it expanded some existing rights, such as the subject's right to information, right to access, right to rectification, right to cancellation, and right to object. The GDPR also created new rights, such as the right to be forgotten, the right to portable data, and the right to restrict the processing of personal data. The GDPR also included several obligations that data controllers owe data subjects.

Second, the GDPR also introduced a notable extension to existing definitions of personal data. Currently, personally identifiable information (PII) includes data such as name, address, phone number, and email. Sensitive personally identifiable information (SPII) includes data such as social security numbers, driver’s licenses or state ID numbers, passport numbers, alien registration numbers, financial account numbers, and biometric identifiers. Some data become SPII when they appear with PII data. For example, data elements such as citizenship or immigration status, medical information, ethnic, religious, sexual orientation, or lifestyle information become SPII when they are linked to the identity of an individual.

Enlarge / From left to right and largest to smallest: GeForce RTX 4080 (which is the same physical size as the RTX 4090), Radeon RX 7900 XTX, and Radeon RX 7900 XT. (credit: Andrew Cunningham)

In 2021, the biggest story about GPUs was that you mostly just couldn't buy them, not without paying scalper-inflated prices on eBay or learning to navigate a maze of stock-tracking websites or Discords.

The good news is that the stock situation improved a lot in 2022. A cryptocurrency crash and a falloff in PC sales reduced the demand for GPUs, which in turn made them less profitable for scalpers, which in turn improved the stock situation. It's currently possible to visit an online store and buy many GPUs for an amount that at least gets kind-of-sort-of close to their original list price.

We also saw lots of new GPU launches in 2022. The year started off less-than-great with the launch of 1080p-focused, price-inflated cards like Nvidia's RTX 3050 and AMD's inspiringly mediocre RX 6500 XT. But by the end of the year, we received Nvidia's hugely expensive but hugely powerful RTX 4090 and RTX 4080 cards, AMD's less-monstrous but still competitive RX 7900 series, and Intel's flawed but price-conscious Arc A770 and A750 cards.