An encyclopedia of geology that’s less a reference than a journey

Rocks are not nouns but verbs, says Marcia Bjornerud in her new book.

Image of purple crystals inside a grey shell of rock.

Enlarge / An amethyst may make a good metaphor for geology as a whole. (credit: Getty Images)

To outsiders, geology can seem as dull as a rock, with a lexicon just as opaque, but to insiders, it is a limitless source of wonder. Various authors have used different tools to crack open geology’s dull exterior to show non-geologists the sparkling wonders within: Robert Hazen used color; Jan Zalasiewicz used a pebble; and Richard Fortey used a railway journey, for example.

Marcia Bjornerud uses words to unlock the mysteries of geology the way a video game might use gems to unlock a new level to explore. Her new book is a buffet of bite-size chapters perfect for dipping in and out of, read in no particular order. Geopedia is structured like an encyclopedia to the extent that its topics are arranged alphabetically, but it’s written for enjoyment rather than as a mere fact-reference.

Bjornerud keeps the reading light even when serving up expanses of time and space, and she follows each geological ‘dish’ with a chaser of pointers to other entries that may be related, if only tangentially. After “Amethyst,” for example, she suggests “Kimberlite,” a diamond ore, and “Pedogenesis,” the process by which soil is made.

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Handelskrieg: China will nur noch eigene PCs einsetzen

Behörden und staatliche Betriebe sollen auf Hardware und Software aus China setzen. Der Übergang dauert zwei Jahre und trifft Dell und HP. (Dell, HP)

Behörden und staatliche Betriebe sollen auf Hardware und Software aus China setzen. Der Übergang dauert zwei Jahre und trifft Dell und HP. (Dell, HP)

"Leider müssen wir mit einem kriegerischen Jahrhundert rechnen"

Ein Gespräch mit dem Journalisten Jörg Kronauer, weshalb Russland in der Ukraine eingefallen ist; wieso sich Deutschland als pazifische Macht begreift und über sein neuestes Buch.

Ein Gespräch mit dem Journalisten Jörg Kronauer, weshalb Russland in der Ukraine eingefallen ist; wieso sich Deutschland als pazifische Macht begreift und über sein neuestes Buch.

Why Severance is one of the best shows on TV

This Apple TV+ show is bonkers in the best way.

Helly R. awakes as an "innie."

Enlarge / Helly R. awakes as an "innie."

Severance, which recently completed its first-season run on Apple TV+, explores a world in which people can really separate their work and personal lives. Thanks to a new procedure developed by Lumon Industries, people can bifurcate themselves into "innies" (work selves) and "outies" (personal selves)—with no sharing of memories. This appeals to people like Mark, who lost his wife in a car crash and has struggled to work through the grief. Why not forget all that pain for eight hours a day?

Mark works on the "severed floor" at Lumon, a place that makes your own office—no matter how bad it is—look like Disney World. But Mark likes it. Or thinks he likes it. Meanwhile, we as viewers have a few concerns. What, for instance, is he actually doing all day for Lumon? What's with the creepy cult-like vibe everywhere? What happened to his buddy Petey? And why are people so excited about waffle parties?

If you think this sounds like the setup for a corporate sci-fi dystopia, you're not wrong. Severance makes terrific TV out of its premise. Directed by Ben Stiller, the show is funny, absurd, depressing, mysterious, visually distinct, and ultimately propulsive. Each episode gathers speed, from the slow start to the rip-roarin' finale, making this one of the best things we've seen so far in 2022. Here's why.

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Why Severance is one of the best shows on TV

This Apple TV+ show is bonkers in the best way.

Helly R. awakes as an "innie."

Enlarge / Helly R. awakes as an "innie."

Severance, which recently completed its first-season run on Apple TV+, explores a world in which people can really separate their work and personal lives. Thanks to a new procedure developed by Lumon Industries, people can bifurcate themselves into "innies" (work selves) and "outies" (personal selves)—with no sharing of memories. This appeals to people like Mark, who lost his wife in a car crash and has struggled to work through the grief. Why not forget all that pain for eight hours a day?

Mark works on the "severed floor" at Lumon, a place that makes your own office—no matter how bad it is—look like Disney World. But Mark likes it. Or thinks he likes it. Meanwhile, we as viewers have a few concerns. What, for instance, is he actually doing all day for Lumon? What's with the creepy cult-like vibe everywhere? What happened to his buddy Petey? And why are people so excited about waffle parties?

If you think this sounds like the setup for a corporate sci-fi dystopia, you're not wrong. Severance makes terrific TV out of its premise. Directed by Ben Stiller, the show is funny, absurd, depressing, mysterious, visually distinct, and ultimately propulsive. Each episode gathers speed, from the slow start to the rip-roarin' finale, making this one of the best things we've seen so far in 2022. Here's why.

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Megawatt: Glasfaser hat den geringsten Strombedarf

Im Vergleich zeigt das TV-Kabelnetz einen noch höheren Energiebedarf als Vectoring. Verglichen mit Kabelnetzen ließen sich mit Glasfaser 496 Megawatt einsparen. (Glasfaser, Studie)

Im Vergleich zeigt das TV-Kabelnetz einen noch höheren Energiebedarf als Vectoring. Verglichen mit Kabelnetzen ließen sich mit Glasfaser 496 Megawatt einsparen. (Glasfaser, Studie)

IPTV Pirate Agrees to Pay Well Over Half a Billion Dollars in Damages

Large-scale pirate IPTV operations can generate significant profits but with that comes the chance of significant liability should things go bad. A man from Canada who operated and sold pirate IPTV services is finding just how bad things can get. In response to a lawsuit, he’s asking a US court to find him liable for $585 million in damages. He’ll pay his own legal bills but not those of the plaintiff.

From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

money pileIn the final season of Breaking Bad, Walt and Skyler White are seen gazing at a huge quantity of banded banknotes representing some of the unlaundered profits of a drug empire.

Neither really knew how much was there. Show creator Vince Gilligan later guessed at perhaps $80 or $95 million, give or take. Small change for Elon Musk perhaps but to most other people, it’s an astronomical amount of money.

In the case of a man from Canada, who has just asked a US court to hold him liable for massive damages relating to his sale of pirate IPTV subscriptions, it is not nearly enough. In an ideal world, the pile of cash would be six times bigger.

IPTV Pirate Sued in the United States

Three days before Christmas in 2020, broadcaster DISH Network and technology partner NagraStar got in the festive spirit by filing a lawsuit (with more than 260 exhibits attached) against Canada-resident Carlos Rocha. According to the complaint, Rocha was the controlling operator of SolTV and Stream Solutions, pirate streaming services offering DISH content in breach of the broadcaster’s rights.

DISH investigations revealed that Rocha had connections to SET TV, a pirate IPTV service already defeated by DISH via a separate $90 million judgment. Another IPTV service, Simply-TV, was also targeted by DISH and as part of that litigation, the broadcaster uncovered more connections to Rocha.

In addition to operating SolTV and Stream Solutions, DISH said that Rocha trafficked in ‘device codes’ (IPTV subscriptions) for other branded services including BimoTV, TVStreamsNow, OneStepTV, IbexTV, MagnumStreams, Prime Tyme TV, Lazer TV Streams, Griff TV, Flix Streams, and CantGetEnoughTV.

DISH said that encoded messages in its satellite feeds confirmed the content being offered by the services was theirs and the wrongful conduct constituted mass breaches of the Federal Communications Act (FCA). Demanding damages of $10,000 for each violation of the FCA with the potential to increase by up to $100,000 more, DISH also sought an injunction to bring Rocha’s business to an end.

It’s been a long wait but this week the case appears to be reaching a jackpot climax.

Defendant Asks Court to Sign $585 Million Judgment

Last week the warring parties submitted a joint notice to the court indicating that following discussion, some kind of agreement had been reached to bring the lawsuit to an end. In typical fashion, the details of the agreement weren’t made public but the parties informed the court that additional materials would soon be filed at a Florida district court.

As promised, an agreed motion for entry of judgment and a permanent injunction against Rocha appeared on the docket this week. It states that Rocha operated, participated in, and/or trafficked in device codes and subscriptions for various IPTV services including SolTV, SET TV, Simply-TV, BimoTV, TVStreamsNow, OneStepTV, IbexTV, MagnumStreams, Prime Tyme TV, Lazer TV Streams, Griff TV, Flix Streams, and CantGetEnoughTV.

No details of how many subscriptions Rocha is supposed to have sold are provided. However, it appears that the former IPTV entrepreneur has agreed to be held liable for statutory damages based on “the number of device codes linked to Defendant and/or the Unauthorized Streaming Services.” In short – a telephone number-sized judgment.

Describing the final amount agreed by the parties as “conservative”, the motion asks the court to hold Rocha liable for statutory damages of $585,028,500 under the Federal Communications Act, 47 U.S.C. §§ 605(a) and 605(e)(4) and to issue a permanent injunction to prevent any future conduct that might infringe on DISH’s rights.

Whether the court will sign off on this record-breaking judgment will become apparent in the coming days but it seems fairly likely that Rocha doesn’t have half a billion in cash lying around – even if he does have access to Walter White’s storage unit to make up the shortfall. At this point the amount could’ve been $595 billion – it’s still not getting paid.

Knowledge is Power

The requested judgment amount is of course pretty wild, not least since the entire US pirate IPTV market was worth a billion dollars in 2020. But that fails to take into account DISH’s anti-piracy strategy and the persuasive effect of mind-boggling damages on those seeking to avoid the same fate.

A common feature of DISH lawsuits against IPTV suppliers and similar entities is how they keep cropping up in subsequent and parallel investigations. The company likes to connect the dots and lawsuits make that possible.

There isn’t much public evidence detailing DISH’s settlement agreements with pirates. However, when piecing things together it’s clear that information obtained by DISH in one area (either through discovery or by defendants getting chatty as part of a settlement agreement) helps to drive new lawsuits and settlement demands against associates and/or former customers in others.

Unsurprisingly, Rocha’s agreed injunction requires him to keep hold of all “books, documents, files, records, or communications” plus “the identities of manufacturers, exporters, importers, dealers, or purchasers of such services and devices, or persons” related to his piracy activities.

Whether he still has any records or devices is unknown but if they do exist, there are companies out there who would really appreciate a quick look.

Documents referenced above can be found here (1,2,3,4)

From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

Rifftrax: The Game serves the fun, will make you crow in laughter

Do you like interrupting films with jokes? Is it hurting friendships? Play this instead.

Rifftrax: The Game serves the fun, will make you crow in laughter

Enlarge (credit: Wide Right Games)

At Ars Technica, we're fans of the Jackbox Party Pack series, which gathers friends around a TV to play social, joke-filled minigames that revolve around cracking jokes and voting on the group's favorite gags. Really, any game that turns the trading of jokes into a group contest is up our alley.

For my money, at least, I am fine with cutting out the filler in these games and getting to the heart of what they often remind me of: creating my own Mystery Science Theater 3000 experience, where my friends and I mine humor out of the mundane. Turns out, there are already a few games that drill down to this exact premise, though the most recent one includes a substantial branding edge.

This week's Rifftrax: The Game is pretty much what it sounds like, and it's as close as you'll get to playing along with that series' founders (who themselves have deep ties to MST3K's legacy). While this $10 game on PC and all major console families isn't the first of its kind, it clearly understands what's fun about the concept—and errs on the side of simplicity, which mostly pays off.

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