Swab, test, repeat: A 2nd rapid COVID test more than doubled result accuracy

Study puts some numbers to the benefits of serial testing in people without symptoms.

Extreme close-up photograph of fingers handling a cardboard strip.

Enlarge / A pharmacist at the Community Pharmacy of Saco demonstrates how Abbott's BinaxNow COVID-19 Ag Card Home Test works by using a nasal swab and a solution onto a test strip. (credit: Getty | Portland Press Herald)

To quickly confirm an asymptomatic case of COVID-19, a second rapid test within an hour of a positive result can boost the accuracy of the result from 38 percent to 92 percent, according to a new study in JAMA Network Open.

The finding could guide future use of rapid tests for quick-turnaround decisions on interventions, as well as in situations where lab-based PCR testing is too costly or unavailable entirely.

Currently, rapid tests are considered most accurate when used on people who are suspected of having COVID-19 and are within the first seven days of having COVID-19-related symptoms. For Abbot's BinaxNow rapid test, for example, the test accurately identified infections in about 82 percent of symptomatic people (102/125 cases) and provided accurate negative results in about 98 percent of symptomatic people (227/231 cases).

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MPA: Google’s Delisting of Thousands of Pirate Sites Works

The MPA has teamed up with Google to remove pirate site domain names from search results in countries where these are already blocked by ISPs. No court has ordered Google to take action but the company is voluntarily complying with “no-fault” ISP injunctions. According to the MPA, this delisting of pirate sites is an effective tool in the fight against online piracy.

From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

google pirate bayEarlier this year, we noticed that Google had removed several popular pirate sites from its search results.

In the Netherlands, for example, The Pirate Bay and many of its mirrors and proxies were delisted by Google in response to a notice sent by local anti-piracy group BREIN.

Later, we learned that similar requests were being sent to Google by movie company representatives in other countries. In response, Google removed thousands of URLs from its search engine in countries such as France, Norway, and the UK. In all cases, the domains were already blocked by ISPs following a court order.

Google’s decision to voluntarily take action is noteworthy. The company apparently removed thousands of ‘pirate site’ domain names without being named in a lawsuit and despite earlier objections to this type of whole-site blocking, of which it doubted the efficacy.

The search engine hasn’t elaborated publicly on this remarkable step, but it’s clear that the company now believes that delisting pirate sites is the way forward. This is music to the ears of Hollywood, which is happy with Google’s voluntary help.

MPA is Happy With Google’s Help

Motion Picture Association CEO Charles Rivkin believes that initiatives like this really make a difference in the fight against online piracy. Behind the scenes, the MPA assisted Google in this delisting campaign which has been rolled out in ten countries thus far.

“Working with MPA, Google has removed a substantial number of piracy-related domains from its search results in these countries to help effectively enforce court orders requiring ISPs to block access to piracy sites,” Rivkin notes.

MPA’s boss mentions that nearly 10,000 domains have been removed by Google, spread across ten countries. The search engine takes action based on so-called “no-fault” court orders, which are typically directed at ISPs.

Google isn’t mentioned in these orders but is choosing to enforce them voluntarily. This means that domain names such as thepiratebay.org and fmovies.to will be removed from search results completely in many cases. According to the MPA, this action has already had a positive effect.

“Google’s delisting of pirate sites works,” Rivkin says. “Our initial research into the efficacy of delisting efforts is promising, showing that traffic to piracy sites when blocked and delisted decreased more sharply than traffic to piracy sites that were only subject to blocking by ISPs.”

Better Than Standard Blockades

ISP blocking orders already reduce traffic to pirate sites but paired with search engine blocks they are even more effective. According to Rivkin, this is especially true for piracy streaming sites, which show a 1.5 times larger traffic decline on average when they are also delisted.

“Given the scale of the problem — remember, we’re talking about over 137 billion visits to film and TV piracy sites annually — in real terms, delisting of pirate sites matters,” Rivkin notes.

In the past, the entertainment industries and Google haven’t always had the best relationship. In fact, Google was a fierce opponent of the SOPA bill, which would’ve opened the door to pirate site blocking orders in the United States. The current delisting actions show that Google’s perspective has changed.

‘Blocking Injunctions Are Safe and Effective’

In addition to praising Google’s efforts, the MPA also takes the opportunity to show how effective blocking orders can be. This is important, as these are available in dozens of countries around the world, but not in the U.S.

The MPA previously opted to change the legal framework in the United States to allow for these orders on its home turf. Rivkin indirectly suggests the same, noting that these “no-fault” blocking orders are both effective and proportional.

“The process to issue these orders includes a high level of due process, and often the ISPs and intermediaries participate voluntarily. All the while, these orders have worked exactly as intended by the law — tackling illegal content only and ensuring that the internet user experience and access to legal content is unhindered.”

Critics of blocking orders have often countered that they could lead to overblocking, while hardcore pirates can easily circumvent that. According to Rivkin, however, overblocking isn’t really an issue, and while no anti-piracy measure is 100% effective, site blocking is one of the best tools around.

“To be sure, no anti-piracy tool is perfect. And there will always be a segment of users who will actively work to evade and circumvent these blocks. But the data are clear: these ‘no-fault’ judicial orders are safe, especially when narrowly targeted at genuine bad actors under the supervision of the courts.

“And we know from empirical research and real-world testing with our partners at Google that delisting adjudicated piracy sites from search results makes this already effective legal tool even more potent,” Rivkin concludes.

From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

Reporting bias makes homeopathy trials look like they work

When clinical trials are registered in advance, homeopathy doesn’t seem to work.

Image of bottles with leaves in them.

Enlarge / If homeopathic remedies had this much nonwater material in them, we probably wouldn't be having this discussion. (credit: Iryna Veklich / Getty Images)

One of the more productive ways that the methods of science can be used is to look at the scientific process itself. A "meta-science" study (like a recent one published on brain scans) can help tell us when research approaches aren't producing reliable data and can potentially show what we might need to change to get those approaches to work.

Now, someone's applied a bit of meta-science to an area of research where we shouldn't expect to see improvements: homeopathy. A group of Austrian researchers looked into why a reasonable fraction of the clinical trials on homeopathy produce positive results. The biggest factor, the researchers found, is that the trials that show homeopathy is ineffective are less likely to get published.

A method to the madness

There are plenty of ways to test potential treatments but, over the years, problems have been identified in almost all of them. That's left the double-blind, randomized clinical trial as the most trusted method of getting rid of some of the biases that make other approaches less reliable. But even in double-blind trials, problems can creep in. There's always a bias toward publishing positive results—ones where the treatments have an effect.

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Lilbits: /e/OS (de-Googled Android) turns five this year and NVIDIA unveils Hooper GPU architecture (for servers first).

It’s been more than four years since developer Gaël Duval announced plans to develop a fork of Google’s Android operating system that would strip away Google apps and services to make a more privacy-centric mobile operating system. Since then, /e/OS has come a long way. You can even buy phones that come with the software […]

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It’s been more than four years since developer Gaël Duval announced plans to develop a fork of Google’s Android operating system that would strip away Google apps and services to make a more privacy-centric mobile operating system. Since then, /e/OS has come a long way. You can even buy phones that come with the software pre-installed.

Now Duval says that by the time the project celebrates its fifth birthday later this year, the platform might be mature enough to graduate from beta to stable with an /e/OS V1 release. The team is also working with phone makers including Fairphone and Terracube to bring more Murena-branded phones to the /e/OS shop.

Murena Fairphone 4 with /e/OS

In other tech news from around the web, NVIDIA has unveiled its next-gen GPU architecture, which will make its debut in the H100 graphics accelerator for data centers, as well as an updated Maxine SDK with support for GPU-accelerated audio AI features. And AMD has launched a few new chips for business-class laptops.

Here’s a roundup of recent stories:

Keep up on the latest headlines by following Liliputing on Twitter and Facebook and follow @LinuxSmartphone on Twitter and Facebook for the latest news on open source mobile phones.

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First Microsoft, then Okta: New ransomware gang posts data from both

If you haven’t heard of Lapsus$, you have now. It probably won’t be the last time.

Stock photo of ransom note with letters cut out of newspapers and magazines.

Enlarge (credit: Getty Images)

A relatively new entrant to the ransomware scene has made two startling claims in recent days by posting images that appear to show proprietary data the group says it stole from Microsoft and Okta, a single sign-on provider with 15,000 customers.

The Lapsus$ group, which first appeared three months ago, said Monday evening on its Telegram channel that it gained privileged access to some of Okta's proprietary data. The claim, if true, could be serious because Okta allows employees to use a single account to log into multiple services belonging to their employer.

Gaining “Superuser” status

"BEFORE PEOPLE START ASKING: WE DID NOT ACCESS/STEAL ANY DATABASES FROM OKTA," the Telegram post stated. "Our focus was ONLY on okta customers."

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The manager of Blue Origin’s rocket engine program has left the company

“He also built a world-class Engines team.”

Jeff Bezos (right), the founder of Blue Origin and Amazon.com, and Tory Bruno, CEO of United Launch Alliance, display a small-scale version of the BE-4 rocket engine during a press conference in 2014.

Enlarge / Jeff Bezos (right), the founder of Blue Origin and Amazon.com, and Tory Bruno, CEO of United Launch Alliance, display a small-scale version of the BE-4 rocket engine during a press conference in 2014. (credit: Win McNamee/Getty Images)

As Blue Origin nears the critical point of delivering flight-ready BE-4 rocket engines to United Launch Alliance, the engineer in charge of the company's rocket engine program has decided to leave.

Blue Origin CEO Bob Smith recently informed employees of the departure of John Vilja, the senior vice president of Blue Engines. In Smith's email to employees, obtained by Ars, Vilja is said to be leaving Blue to pursue his "many" interests and hobbies outside of work.

"During his time at Blue, John led the team to support eight New Shepard missions powered by BE-3PM engines, countless hot fire tests, and made progress on multiple engines development programs," Smith wrote. "He also built a world-class Engines team, recruiting some of the best talent in the business."

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Google routinely hides emails from litigation by CCing attorneys, DOJ alleges

“Adding legal”: Google fights monopoly suit by copying lawyers on emails, DOJ says.

Google CEO Sundar Pichai looking at his phone.

Enlarge / Google CEO Sundar Pichai uses his phone during the Allen & Company Sun Valley Conference on July 12, 2018, in Sun Valley, Idaho. (credit: Getty Images | Drew Angerer )

The US Department of Justice and 14 state attorneys general yesterday asked a federal judge to sanction Google for misusing attorney-client privilege in order to hide emails from litigation.

"In a program called 'Communicate with Care,' Google trains and directs employees to add an attorney, a privilege label, and a generic 'request' for counsel's advice to shield sensitive business communications, regardless of whether any legal advice is actually needed or sought. Often, knowing the game, the in-house counsel included in these Communicate-with-Care emails does not respond at all," the DOJ told the court. The fact that attorneys often don't reply to the emails "underscor[es] that these communications are not genuine requests for legal advice but rather an effort to hide potential evidence," the DOJ said.

The DOJ made its argument in a motion to sanction Google "and compel disclosure of documents unjustifiably claimed by Google as attorney-client privileged" and in a memorandum in support of the motion. "The Communicate-with-Care program had no purpose except to mislead anyone who might seek the documents in an investigation, discovery, or ensuing dispute," the DOJ alleged.

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Lenovo ThinkStation P360 Tiny is a mini workstation with up to 12th-gen Intel Core i9

The Lenovo ThinkStation P360 Tiny is a compact desktop computer that measures just 7.2″ x 7″ x 1.5″, weighs 3 pounds, and has a volume of less than 1 liter. But under the hood it’s powered by up to a 12th-gen Intel Core i9 Alder Lake processor with 16 CPU cores and top speeds of […]

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The Lenovo ThinkStation P360 Tiny is a compact desktop computer that measures just 7.2″ x 7″ x 1.5″, weighs 3 pounds, and has a volume of less than 1 liter. But under the hood it’s powered by up to a 12th-gen Intel Core i9 Alder Lake processor with 16 CPU cores and top speeds of 5.2 GHz and optional support for a discrete NVIDIA Turing GPU.

Lenovo says the ThinkStation P360 Tiny will be available in April with prices starting at $1149.

The computer, which Lenovo describes as “the industry’s smallest desktop workstation,” may not pack quite as many features or quite as much horsepower as a Tower-sized system. It only support sup to an NVIDIA T1000 GPU with Turing graphics architecture, for example, rather than a newer RTX A-series GPU with Ampere architecture.

But if I’m reading the spec sheet correctly, the tiny computer does support up to a 125-watt Intel Alder Lake-K processor (Lenovo didn’t specify which 12th-gen Core i9 processor the computer supports, but the only ones that match its description of 16 cores and 5.2 GHz top speeds would be the Core i9-1200K or Core i9-12900KF).

Other features include two SODIMM slots for up to 64GB of DDR5 4800 MHz memory, two M.2 slots for up to 4TB of PCIe Gen 4 NVMe solid state storage, a PCIe 4.0 x8 expansion slot, support for up to WiFi 6E and peltny of ports including:

  • 1 x USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-C
  • 4 x USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-A
  • 2 x USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-A
  • 1 x DisplayPort
  • 1 x HDMI
  • 1 x Gigabit Ethernet

There’s also a space for two configurable ports for additional USB, video, or connectivity options. That includes optional support for Thunderbolt 4 ports (which, unfortunately, don’t appear to be listed in the standard set of ports).

The computer is small and light enough to be easily mounted to a wall or the back of a display using a VESA mount. And by desktop PC standards, it’s relatively low-power. Lenovo offers 170W or 230W power supplies, depending on the configuration.

 

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Now you can run Steam games on (some) Chromebooks

Gaming on Chromebooks is now a thing. You’ve been able to play Android games on Chromebooks ever since Google added support for Android apps. And the rise of game streaming services like Stadia and NVIDIA’s GeForce Now means that you can stream games over the internet to just about any device with a web browser, […]

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Gaming on Chromebooks is now a thing. You’ve been able to play Android games on Chromebooks ever since Google added support for Android apps. And the rise of game streaming services like Stadia and NVIDIA’s GeForce Now means that you can stream games over the internet to just about any device with a web browser, including Chromebooks.

But now you can also install the Steam game client on some Chromebooks to run PC games, no internet connection or Android apps required.

Last week Google accidentally announced the launch of Steam on Chrome OS Alpha a little before it was actually ready to go. But now the Alpha is officially available to folks running Chrome OS 14583.0.0 or later in the Dev Channel.

It’s only available for a handful of Chromebooks that meet the minimum specifications though, which include an 11th-gen Intel Core i5 or better processor with Iris Xe graphics and at least 8GB of RAM. Right now these are the only models supported:

  • Acer Chromebook 514 (CB514-1W)
  • Acer Chromebook 515 (CB515-1W)
  • Acer Chromebook Spin 713 (CP713-3W)
  • ASUS Chromebook Flip CX5 (CX5500)
  • ASUS Chromebook CX9 (CX9400)
  • HP Pro c640 G2 Chromebook
  • Lenovo 5i-14 Chromebook

In other words, you’ll need a fairly recent, fairly high-end Chromebook. Don’t expect to play Steam games on an entry-level model that sells for under $100 anytime soon.

Note that some of these Chromebooks are available with Core i3 processors and/or 4GB of RAM. But since those don’t meet the minimum requirements, Steam is not supported on those models.

Steam also isn’t enabled by default, but if you have a supported device then you can visit the Steam on Chrome OS website for instructions on setting up Steam on a Chromebook.

Part of the reason it’s possible to use Steam on a Chromebook is that Valve has been offering versions of Steam for Linux for almost a decade, and not only does Chrome OS have a Linux kernel, but for the past few years you’ve been able to run native Linux apps on Chromebooks as well using Google’s Crostini software.

Valve also kicked its Linux support into high gear ahead of the recent launch of the Linux-powered Steam Deck handheld gaming PC. Not only can you run native Linux games on the Steam Deck, Linux PCs, or Chromebooks with Steam, but you can also run many Windows games thanks to Valve’s Proton compatibility software.

That said, not all Steam games will work on Linux (or Chromebooks). Google notes that games using Easy Anti-Cheat and BattleEye software won’t work with Chrome OS yet. Proton-enabled games that use DirectX12 won’t start. Some games offer poor performance during the first few minutes of play.

And that’s just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to known issues with Steam for Chrome OS. This is still very much alpha-quality software, and Google notes that external monitors aren’t supported, built-in displays with resolutions higher than 1080p may have trouble displaying games, some games require at least 16GB of RAM or an Intel Core i7 processor, audio quality of Steam voice chat isn’t very good, and so on.

But the purpose of releasing alpha software is to encourage people to use it and help report bugs that developers can use to improve the experience. Google doesn’t have an ETA on when Steam for Chrome OS will graduate to beta or stable status, but odds are that the more people use the feature to play games on Chromebooks, the more resources Google will throw into making it run well.

via Google Support

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Explaining the Mac Studio’s removable SSDs, and why you can’t just swap them out

To upgrade the Mac’s SSDs, it helps to understand how they work.

You'll see the Mac Studio's blinking orange SOS light if you try to change its SSD modules. Here's why.

Enlarge / You'll see the Mac Studio's blinking orange SOS light if you try to change its SSD modules. Here's why. (credit: Luke Miani)

Apple's new Mac Studio desktop began arriving in customers' hands last week, and some of those customers wasted no time in taking the machine apart. Among the more interesting discoveries was the sheer size of the M1 Ultra and its voltage regulator modules (VRMs); in addition, it seems that the Studio includes removable storage rather than the soldered-down NAND chips that most Macs use. In theory, this could make the Mac Studio the first new Mac (outside of the Mac Pro) to support upgradeable storage in quite a while.

Because the Studio's SSD slots aren't compatible with regular M.2 SSD sticks that you might use in a PC, YouTuber Luke Miani decided to test the Studio's removable storage by swapping storage from one Studio into another. He found that, while the drives are physically swappable, his Mac Studio wouldn't boot after the fact—the desktop's power LED would only flash an amber-colored "SOS" pattern. This persisted both when he tried to install the second SSD module in the Studio's second storage slot and when he tried to install an SSD from one Studio into the other Studio's main SSD slot.

"What Apple is doing here with the Mac Studio is simply inexcusable," Miani concluded. "Apple does not care about your right to repair, make no mistake. What we've seen here today is that Apple is intentionally, deliberately restricting your access to your own device. In my opinion, this is actually worse than soldering the storage onto a logic board."

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