Myth, busted: Spider silk might not have antibiotic properties after all

Scientists extracted dragline silk from some spiders using a mechanical LEGO apparatus

Extreme close-up photo of petri dish.

Enlarge / A new study found that ethyl acetate and other solvents typically used to study the antimicrobial properties of spider silk can inhibit bacterial growth. So prior studies finding such evidence may be methodologically flawed. (credit: Simon Fruergaard/CC BY-SA)

Ancient Greeks and Romans are said to have treated wounds suffered in battle with poultices made of spider silk, believing the silk had healing properties, as well as using it to treat skin lesions and warts. There have also been reports of people in the Carpathian Mountains using spiderwebs as bandages and doctors of ages past sometimes prescribed placing silk cocoons on infected teeth.

This notion that spider silk might have antimicrobial properties—making it a kind of "webiccillin"—has been the focus of numerous studies over the last decade in particular, with conflicting results. Some found evidence of antimicrobial activity, while others did not. Now researchers at Aarhus University in Denmark have produced the strongest case yet against spider silk's rumored healing properties, according to a recent paper published in the journal iScience. The authors suggest that prior positive results are the result of either bacterial contamination, or the use of solvents in the experiments that have antimicrobial properties.

"Spider silk has always been admired and almost has a mythical status," said co-author Trine Bilde, a biologist at Aarhus University. "It's one of these myths that seems to have become 'established' by 'belief' and not by strong empirical support."

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Myth, busted: Spider silk might not have antibiotic properties after all

Scientists extracted dragline silk from some spiders using a mechanical LEGO apparatus

Extreme close-up photo of petri dish.

Enlarge / A new study found that ethyl acetate and other solvents typically used to study the antimicrobial properties of spider silk can inhibit bacterial growth. So prior studies finding such evidence may be methodologically flawed. (credit: Simon Fruergaard/CC BY-SA)

Ancient Greeks and Romans are said to have treated wounds suffered in battle with poultices made of spider silk, believing the silk had healing properties, as well as using it to treat skin lesions and warts. There have also been reports of people in the Carpathian Mountains using spiderwebs as bandages and doctors of ages past sometimes prescribed placing silk cocoons on infected teeth.

This notion that spider silk might have antimicrobial properties—making it a kind of "webiccillin"—has been the focus of numerous studies over the last decade in particular, with conflicting results. Some found evidence of antimicrobial activity, while others did not. Now researchers at Aarhus University in Denmark have produced the strongest case yet against spider silk's rumored healing properties, according to a recent paper published in the journal iScience. The authors suggest that prior positive results are the result of either bacterial contamination, or the use of solvents in the experiments that have antimicrobial properties.

"Spider silk has always been admired and almost has a mythical status," said co-author Trine Bilde, a biologist at Aarhus University. "It's one of these myths that seems to have become 'established' by 'belief' and not by strong empirical support."

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With no new Apple monitors, here are the best high-res screens for your Mac

Get a monitor with the resolution and ports you need.

imac in blue on white background

Enlarge / No larger M1-powered iMac yet. (credit: Apple)

Apple held its fall event was today, and the stars of the show were the M1 Pro and M1 Max announced for the new MacBook Pros. We even got new AirPods and word on macOS Monterey. But all was quiet on the displays front. Hope for a larger iMac with Apple Silicon to accompany the 24-inch model announced in April was not rewarded, and the Apple Pro Display XDR is still Apple's only standalone monitor. If you were waiting for today's event to help you select the next screen to run macOS on, we feel your pain. We can’t force Apple to release new displays, but we can round up some non-Apple PC monitors worth considering if you need something now.

But let's get something out of the way first. Nothing can really compete with the iMac right now in terms of display resolution and computing power. Every display listed below is a monitor only; there are no all-in-one PCs here.

5K alternatives

One of the greatest advantages the iMac and Pro Display XDR have is their ridiculous pixel count. The iMac has what Apple calls a 4.5K resolution (4480 x 2520). And the Pro Display XDR claims 6K, or 6016 x 3384. Neither resolution is common, and 5K (5120 x 2880) options have more pixels than the iMac (14,745,600 versus 11,289,600 pixels). But pixel density, which affects how sharp the image looks, is determined by each monitor's size.

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Valve’s “Deck Verified” program evaluates which Steam games are Steam Deck-ready

“Verified” games need to work with Steam Deck controls, have legible text, and more.

Games that earn the "Deck Verified" checkmark will appear in the "Great on Deck" tab of the Steam Store.

Enlarge / Games that earn the "Deck Verified" checkmark will appear in the "Great on Deck" tab of the Steam Store. (credit: Valve Corporation)

Valve says it has started the process of reviewing all of the tens of thousands of games in the Steam catalog for compatibility with the upcoming Steam Deck portable. The company is doing the review as part of a new informational program called "Deck Verified."

Games that provide "a great, smooth experience" and "work great on Steam Deck right out of the box" will receive a green "Deck Verified" check mark on the Steam store and library interfaces. They will also appear on the default "Great on Deck" tab when the Store is viewed on the Steam Deck itself. Games will receive that check mark if they meet the following criteria:

  • Input: Games must have "full controller support" and the ability to access all content using the Steam Deck controls, with no adjustments necessary. This includes the use of on-screen "glyphs" that match those of the Steam Deck buttons or those on the Xbox 360/One (many Steam games already do this for compatibility with console versions or console controllers). Any in-game text entry must be done using only the controller or an on-screen keyboard.
  • Display: Games must include native support for 1280x800 or 1280x720 resolution and include a default configuration that runs at a "playable framerate" on the hardware at that resolution (Valve has previously promised that "really the entire Steam library" can meet this threshold on the Steam Deck hardware). On-screen text should also be legible when the screen is held 12 inches from the face; Valve says this means no letter should be less than 9 pixels in height, though a 12-pixel height is recommended.
  • Seamlessness: Games shouldn't throw up any compatibility warnings when running on Steam Deck, and players must be able to navigate any third-party launchers with the controller.
  • System support: The game must be compatible with the SteamOS natively or with the Proton compatibility layer that allows Windows games to run on the Linux-based system. This includes any middleware and/or anti-cheat software used in the game.
VR games like <a href="https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2020/03/half-life-alyx-review-the-greatest-vr-adventure-game-yet-and-then-some/"><em>Half-Life: Alyx</em></a> will officially show up as "Unsupported" on the Steam Deck.

VR games like Half-Life: Alyx will officially show up as "Unsupported" on the Steam Deck.

Games that don't quite reach the Verified ideal can still earn a yellow "Playable" badge if they run but "require some extra effort to interact with or configure." That includes games that require manual controller or graphics configuration on first launch, games with "missing or inaccurate controller glyphs," and games where players need to use the touchscreen for whatever reason.

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Filmmakers Withdraw Popcorn Time ‘Blocking’ Request After Google Shows Up

Several movie companies have withdrawn a broad injunction request that would require ISPs and other Internet services to block access to the Popcorn Time app. The decision comes shortly after Google intervened. The filmmakers shouldn’t be disappointed, however, as a Virginia magistrate judge is recommending an award of millions in copyright and trademark infringement damages.

From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

popcornCopyright holders have tried a wide variety of legal options to tackle online piracy, including lawsuits.

This year we have seen a series of complaints in US courts where filmmakers sued third-party services for facilitating piracy. This includes VPN providers and their hosting companies.

VPN.ht is one of the companies that was sued. Last week it settled the case by agreeing, among other things, that it would block BitTorrent traffic and keep logs on US servers. In response, the VPN announced that it would stop using US-based servers, to ensure the privacy of its users.

Filmmakers Demand Millions and More

The settlement didn’t end the lawsuit completely as the anonymous operators of Popcorntime.app were targeted in the same case. Since the Popcorn Time operators failed to respond in court, the filmmakers requested a default judgment of millions of dollars in damages as well as a broad injunction.

The proposed injunction would not just apply to the Popcorn Time operators, it also required third-party Internet services to take action.

For example, third-party service providers, including Cloudflare and Google, would have to stop people from accessing alternative Popcorn Time domains such as popcorn-ru.tk. Those measures include the removal of all search engine results.

The proposed injunction would also compel regular ISPs to block subscribers’ access to Popcorn Time domain names. If granted, that broad language could affect a wide variety of Internet services including Comcast, Verizon, and AT&T.

Filmmakers Demand Millions and More

Recognizing the gravity of the situation, Google asked the Virginia federal court to be heard in the matter so it could object to the far-reaching proposals. However, this is no longer needed, as the filmmakers have withdrawn most of their demands.

A few days after Google wrote to the court, the filmmakers submitted an amended proposed order which limits the scope of the requested injunction. All demands for third-party companies to take action, including Google, have been removed.

The paperwork doesn’t explain why the rightsholders took this action. It’s possible that they were not eager to go head to head with Google over the matter. At least, not in this case.

Judge Sides With Filmmakers

The withdrawal of the blocking measures doesn’t mean that the filmmakers are leaving empty-handed. On the contrary, last Friday Virginia Magistrate Judge Theresa Carroll Buchanan issued her report and recommendation on the default judgment, which brings good news for the rightsholders.

Among other things, Judge Buchanan recommends awarding damages for trademark infringement, DMCA violations, contract breach, and willful copyright infringement against Popcorntime.app.

“With Defendant Doe’s BitTorrent software Popcorn Time users can search, download, and stream copies of the Plaintiffs’ Works through peer-to-peer sharing, which results in the unauthorized distribution and public performance of the Copyright Plaintiffs’ Works. Accordingly, the undersigned finds that Plaintiffs have sufficiently pled an infringement claim under the Copyright Act,” Judge Buchanan writes.

“Plaintiffs requests the maximum possible statutory damages award of $150,000 per Work (here, twenty-one) for a total of $3,150,000. Because of Defendant Doe’s willful infringement, the undersigned finds that Plaintiffs’ request for $3,150,000.00 total damages is reasonable.”

$5,734,946.74

In addition to the copyright infringement damages, the Judge also recommends $2,000,000 in trademark infringement damages as well as $525,000 in damages for violating the DMCA, among other things. Added up, this brings the total damages to $5,734,946.74.

The recommendation also approves an injunction that requires the Popcorn Time operators to stop any infringing activity. The measures against third party services such as Google are off the table, and Judge Buchanan says that she would not have approved these anyway.

“As discussed above, the Plaintiffs have withdrawn any request that this Court order third-party providers, like Google, to cease providing service to and to block Defendant Doe, which the undersigned was nonetheless prepared to reject,” Judge Buchanan adds.

The Report and Recommendation is not final yet and still has to be approved by the court. If that happens, the filmmakers will score a big win. However, getting paid by the anonymous Popcorn Time operators will probably be quite a challenge.

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A copy of Virginia Magistrate Judge Theresa Carroll Buchanan’s Report and Recommendations is available here (pdf)

From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

Starts at $1,999, ends at $6,099: Here’s what the new MacBook Pros will cost you

Switching to Apple’s own chips hasn’t simplified the MacBook Pro’s config options.

Promotional image of three computer monitors.

Enlarge / Apple's new MacBook Pros (and the 13-inch M1 model that's still hanging around). (credit: Apple)

The new Apple Silicon-based MacBook Pros are here, and Apple's presentation on the M1 Pro and M1 Max made both chips look like a dramatic improvement over the Intel processors and Intel and AMD GPUs they'll be replacing.

The 14-inch MacBook Pro starts at $1,999, and the 16-inch model starts at $2,499. Both of those configurations get you an M1 Pro processor, 16GB of memory, and 512GB of storage, and both represent only minor price increases from the MacBook Pros they're replacing. But things quickly get complicated from there.

Even though Apple technically only announced two new chips today, both the M1 Pro and M1 Max come in an array of different configurations with different numbers of CPU and GPU cores (just like the M1). This is common in chipmaking—if you make an M1 Pro with one or two defective GPU cores, then selling it as a lower-end model is a sensible alternative to just throwing the chip out entirely. But this decision does complicate Apple's high-level performance numbers slightly, and it means that you'll still need to choose between multiple processor options when you're shopping for a new MacBook Pro.

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