How do we test for coronavirus, anyway?

A rundown of the biology behind testing for a virus we hadn’t seen before.

Image of a man gesturing behind a lectern.

Enlarge / Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Director Robert Redfield speaks during a press conference about the 2019-nCoV outbreak. (credit: Samuel Corum/Getty Images)

As the recently discovered coronavirus has rapidly spread beyond its origins in China, health authorities around the world have needed to quickly develop testing capabilities. In the United States, that task has been performed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), which has published its methodology and is currently in the process of applying for an emergency waiver to allow medical-testing facilities to perform these tests.

But if you're not familiar with the tools of molecular biology, the CDC's testing procedure might as well be written in another language. What follows is a description of how to go from an unknown virus to a diagnostic test in less than a month.

Starting from nothing

When Chinese health authorities were first confronted with the outbreak, it had a disturbing familiarity. They had already dealt with a similar set of symptoms during the SARS outbreak in the early 2000s and had seen the spread of MERS a decade later. Thanks to these and related viruses, we already had a detailed description of the structure of the typical coronavirus genome as early as 2005. That knowledge would undoubtedly prove essential for the first step in developing a rapid diagnostic test: characterization of the genome of the new virus, 2019-nCoV.

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Quartalsbericht: Google nennt erstmals Umsatz von Youtube und Cloud

Der Google-Mutterkonzern Alphabet hat das schlechteste Umsatzwachstum in einem vierten Quartal seit dem Jahr 2015 berichtet. Doch es gab eine Überraschung unter neuer Führung. (Google, Börse)

Der Google-Mutterkonzern Alphabet hat das schlechteste Umsatzwachstum in einem vierten Quartal seit dem Jahr 2015 berichtet. Doch es gab eine Überraschung unter neuer Führung. (Google, Börse)

West Virginia poised to allow smartphone voting for disabled voters

Backers have ignored experts who say online voting is a security nightmare.

Ezra Bailey

Enlarge / Ezra Bailey (credit: Ezra Bailey / Getty Images)

West Virginia's legislature last week passed legislation allowing disabled voters to cast votes by smartphone, sending the bill to the desk of Governor Jim Justice. Justice is expected to sign the legislation, according to NBC.

It's a decision that alarms many computer security experts, who say that the Internet and smartphones are too vulnerable to hackers.

"This is incredibly unwise," Georgetown computer scientist Matt Blaze told NBC. "Mobile voting systems completely run counter to the overwhelming consensus of every expert in the field."

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FBI catches hacker that stole Nintendo’s secrets for years

Child pornography also found on 21-year-old’s hard drive.

Overwatch running on the Nintendo Switch.

Enlarge (credit: Samuel Axon)

A 21-year-old California man has pleaded guilty to hacking Nintendo's servers multiple times since 2016, using phishing techniques to gain early access to information about the company's plans.

Ryan S. Hernandez, who went by RyanRocks online, worked with an unnamed associate to phish employee login credentials for proprietary Nintendo servers, according to an indictment filed in Washington state federal court in December and unsealed over the weekend. Hernandez used that unauthorized access to "download thousands of files, including proprietary developer tools and non-public information" about upcoming Nintendo products and "access pirated and unreleased video games."

That information (and discussion of Nintendo's internal server vulnerabilities) was leaked to the public via Twitter, Discord, and a chat room called "Ryan's Underground Hangout," prosecutors said. At one point, "RyanRocks" drew at least a little infamy in the Nintendo hacking community for allegedly leaking a Nintendo Software Development Kit that had a piece of hidden Remote Access Tool malware added to it.

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Artist creates virtual “traffic jam” with cart full of phones

You don’t need mad coding skills to make Google Maps show you bad data.

Ninety-nine used smartphones, rolling down a sunny street...


It turns out, if you're creative enough, you can use one of the most common of childhood toys to make Google Maps display false real-time data. All you need is a little red wagon—and a hundred cheap smartphones.

The little red wagon full of phones is the idea of German artist Simon Weckert, whose projects focus on "hidden layers" in technology and examine the social and moral effects of the modern electronics-based lifestyle.

Google Maps determines congestion by gathering the location and motion speed of phones in a given area. Generally speaking, those phones are going to be in the road because they're with drivers, inside vehicles, and so measuring the phones' speed is a reasonably decent proxy for measuring vehicle speed. Those data points, aggregated, make a road look green on the map if traffic seems to be moving smoothly, or they look red on the map if traffic appears to be severe. When traffic is severe, the map's navigation software will reroute drivers around the congestion when possible.

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MediaTek introduces Helio G80 chips for mid-range gaming phones

Another day, another new processor from Taiwanese chip maker MediaTek. This time the company is fleshing out its line of processors designed for gaming smartphones. The new MediaTek Helio G80 fits in between the Helio G90 launched last year and the mor…

Another day, another new processor from Taiwanese chip maker MediaTek. This time the company is fleshing out its line of processors designed for gaming smartphones. The new MediaTek Helio G80 fits in between the Helio G90 launched last year and the more affordable (and lower performance) Helio G70 chip introduced last month. For the most part, the […]

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Supreme Court Denies Kim Dotcom’s Appeal to Access Illegal Spy Recordings

The New Zealand Supreme Court has declined Kim Dotcom’s appeal in his bid to access private communications captured illegally by the country’s spy agency. Dotcom will still be entitled to damages for the unlawful intrusion into his private life but he says this matter is not about money. Instead, he seeks to hold the GCSB agency accountable for its illegal behavior, for the benefit of all New Zealanders.

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In the weeks and months leading up to and beyond the 2012 raid on Kim Dotcom and his former associates, the Megaupload founder was being spied on by the authorities in New Zealand.

Between December 2011 and March 2012, the highly secretive Government Communications Security Bureau (GCSB) spy agency listened in on the private communications of Kim and former wife Mona Dotcom, plus Megaupload co-defendant Bram van der Kolk.

Given the US-instigated investigation into Dotcom and Megaupload, this type of eavesdropping may seem little out of the ordinary. However, GCSB’s powers are limited by law, including that it may not conduct surveillance on New Zealand citizens or permanent residents. Since Dotcom is a permanent resident, that made the spying illegal.

Ever since the authorities accepted that potential evidence had been illegally obtained, the Megaupload founder has put considerable effort into finding out exactly what was captured by the GCSB. At every turn, however, he has been declined access to the material.

In 2017, for example, the High Court rejected Dotcom’s request, claiming that the release of the intercepted communications would undermine national security. Overall, the ruling added, withholding the information would be in the public interest, even if that was at the expense of Dotcom’s rights.

Predictably, Dotcom refused to back down, immediately taking the matter to the Court of Appeal. Unfortunately for him, the result was the same.

While accepting that the intercepted communications are “relevant” and could be “put to use”, in a 2019 ruling the Court determined that Dotcom’s right to access the information was outweighed by national security concerns.

With the Supreme Court the only avenue left for Dotcom, an appeal was subsequently filed there. In a written judgment published today, the Supreme Court sided with the decisions of the lower courts and refused to hear the appeal.

“We are not satisfied that it is necessary in the interests of justice to hear the
proposed appeal. While there may be questions arising about the scope and
application of s 70 of the Evidence Act, the present case is not the appropriate case to consider those issues,” the panel of three judges writes.

“No question of principle arises. Rather, the matters the applicant wishes to raise relate to whether natural justice was met in this particular case and as to the weight given to the competing public interests on these facts.”

Rejecting the notion that there had been a miscarriage of justice, the judges note that since the case has been examined in detail by the lower courts and justice will be done by compensating Dotcom for his loss of dignity, the Supreme Court will not review the matter.

“Mr Dotcom’s arguments would reprise matters all of which have been carefully examined in the Courts below and, as the Court of Appeal noted, the ‘general nature of the disputed information is known to Mr Dotcom’. In addition, these issues would arise in a context where the respondent has been held to account having accepted liability and the central question is as to the level of damages,” the judges add.

In a statement on the decision to deny his appeal, this morning Dotcom criticizes the entire process, drawing particular attention to the fact that his lawyers have been prevented from doing their jobs properly on the grounds of national security.

“[T]hey have not been permitted to have any meaningful input into this process because, at every stage, the GCSB has required its evidence and submissions to be treated as classified and heard only in a secret hearing from which my counsel and I were excluded,” Dotcom writes.

“The Courts’ reasons were also classified and not stated in their decisions. We have been blindfolded, with one hand tied behind our backs, while up against the fully equipped and limitlessly funded GCSB and Crown lawyers seeking to keep us all in the dark and away from the truth.”

While at some point Dotcom will be awarded damages for the illegal spying, he says this process has never been about money, not least since it ceased being economically viable a long time ago.

“For me, it has always been about ensuring that we know what has happened and, as a result, the GCSB is held accountable publicly for its unlawful conduct under John Key’s National government. I want to make sure that this never happens again.

“We shouldn’t be kept in the dark when state agencies act unlawfully and they should never get away with not being fully accountable to us, as the GCSB has now achieved. They don’t care about paying some money to me and my family, although they will fight to limit that also. They just care about you and I not getting to know what they did, or the actual harm they caused,” he adds.

But while today’s ruling was handed down by New Zealand’s top court, Dotcom believes that interference from the United States played an important role in denying him access to the illegally captured communications. As a result, he’s now embarking on a new mission, one to change the law in New Zealand.

“I don’t like the United States influencing what we all should be entitled to as people of New Zealand, as I fear may have happened here. No one should. But, they, and the GCSB, has stopped me from knowing the truth, at least for now. If the Court of Appeal’s decision represents the law in New Zealand, then the law must change. I will fight for that change. Please join me,” he concludes.

As reported last week, Dotcom is awaiting another decision from the Supreme Court regarding his extradition to the United States. He doesn’t believe the decision will go in his favor but is preparing for a long battle, one that could see him fight in New Zealand for another seven years.

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Daily Deals (2-03-2020)

Amazon is selling the current-gen iPad mini for $350 and up, which is the lowest price to date for Apple’s popular 7.9 inch tablet. Amazon’s Echo Buds are still on sale for $40 off. Monoprice is selling a 20,100 mAh, 45-watt power bank for …

Amazon is selling the current-gen iPad mini for $350 and up, which is the lowest price to date for Apple’s popular 7.9 inch tablet. Amazon’s Echo Buds are still on sale for $40 off. Monoprice is selling a 20,100 mAh, 45-watt power bank for just $32. And Anker’s Soundcore Life W20 over-ear, wireless, noise-cancelling headphones […]

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Meet Sno*Drift, the USA’s premier winter rally

It’s a slice of Scandinavia in the Midwest.

There's something special about a winter rally, from the snow-covered forest views to the crisp, chilly winds—and, of course, the colorful cars hurtling past snowbanks at 100 miles per hour. Scandinavian countries have long enjoyed a winter rally tradition, which includes Finland's inimitable Arctic Lapland Rally and the long-running Rally Sweden. But the USA has also staked its own modest claim to winter rally. Sno*Drift, held in Atlanta, Michigan, is the American Rally Association's first race of the calendar year and starts the season off with a bang, as drivers face freezing rain, icy roads, and even raging bonfires—all while racing in street-legal cars.

"Winter conditions are the great equalizer," said Mark Rokus, one of this year's competitors who chatted with me while proudly showing off his '85 Volkswagen GTI during Parc Expose. "There are a lot of cars here with more horsepower than mine," he said, "but in conditions like these, what matters most is being able to drive it into a corner without scaring yourself to death!"

Unlike European rallies, Sno*Drift does not allow studded tires, making for particularly grueling conditions as drivers struggle for grip heading into each turn. "The main reason for this rule is that we run on state roads," said Alex Berger, who served as chairman of this year's Sno*Drift. "In the state of Michigan, you need special permissions to do that, and we're trying to minimize our impact on the community."

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Goop violating court order with yet more bogus health claims, watchdog says

“It is outrageous that Goop continues to exploit health issues in order to make money.”

Gwyneth Paltrow attends the "In Goop Health" Summit on June 9, 2018 in Culver City, California.

Enlarge / Gwyneth Paltrow attends the "In Goop Health" Summit on June 9, 2018 in Culver City, California. (credit: Getty | Phillip Faraone)

Gwyneth Paltrow’s contextual commerce company Goop is still making more than a dozen false and misleading health claims about the medical products and nutritional supplements it sells, according to a complaint letter from the nonprofit advertising watchdog Truth in Advertising, Inc.

The bogus health claims are not just potential hazards to consumers, they are direct violations of a court order that bars Goop from making such false and misleading claims, the watchdog alleges.

That court order was part of a legal settlement Goop entered in September 2018 to resolve a lawsuit brought by 10 California District Attorney offices. The state prosecutors alleged that Paltrow’s “wellness empire” was making several unsubstantiated medical claims about their products. Specifically, the prosecutors noted that Goop claimed without evidence that its infamous vaginal Jade Egg “could balance hormones, regulate menstrual cycles, prevent uterine prolapse, and increase bladder control” and that a blend of essential oils (for oral consumption or for adding to bathwater) could help prevent depression.

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